XSLT Syntax
Let’s suppose we have the following sample XML file, students.xml, which is required to be transformed into a well-formatted HTML document.
students.xml
<?xml version = "1.0"?>
<class>
<student rollno = "393">
<firstname>Dinkar</firstname>
<lastname>Kad</lastname>
<nickname>Dinkar</nickname>
<marks>85</marks>
</student>
<student rollno = "493">
<firstname>Vaneet</firstname>
<lastname>Gupta</lastname>
<nickname>Vinni</nickname>
<marks>95</marks>
</student>
<student rollno = "593">
<firstname>Jasvir</firstname>
<lastname>Singh</lastname>
<nickname>Jazz</nickname>
<marks>90</marks>
</student>
</class>
我们需要为上述XML文档定义一个XSLT样式表文档，以满足以下条件 -
页面应该有一个标题学生。
页面应该有一张学生细节表。
列应具有以下标题：卷号，名字，姓氏，昵称，标记
表必须包含学生的细节。
步骤1：创建XSLT文档
创建一个XSLT文档以满足上述要求，将其命名为students.xsl并将其保存在student.xml所在的相同位置。
students.xsl
<?xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8"?>
<!-- xsl stylesheet declaration with xsl namespace:
Namespace tells the xlst processor about which
element is to be processed and which is used for output purpose only
-->
<xsl:stylesheet version = "1.0"
xmlns:xsl = "http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform">
<!-- xsl template declaration:
template tells the xlst processor about the section of xml
document which is to be formatted. It takes an XPath expression.
In our case, it is matching document root element and will
tell processor to process the entire document with this template.
-->
<xsl:template match = "/">
<!-- HTML tags
Used for formatting purpose. Processor will skip them and browser
will simply render them.
-->
<html>
<body>
<h2>Students</h2>
<table border = "1">
<tr bgcolor = "#9acd32">
<th>Roll No</th>
<th>First Name</th>
<th>Last Name</th>
<th>Nick Name</th>
<th>Marks</th>
</tr>
<!-- for-each processing instruction
Looks for each element matching the XPath expression
-->
<xsl:for-each select="class/student">
<tr>
<td>
<!-- value-of processing instruction
process the value of the element matching the XPath expression
-->
<xsl:value-of select = "@rollno"/>
</td>
<td><xsl:value-of select = "firstname"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select = "lastname"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select = "nickname"/></td>
<td><xsl:value-of select = "marks"/></td>
</tr>
</xsl:for-each>
</table>
</body>
</html>
</xsl:template>
</xsl:stylesheet>
步骤2：将XSLT文档链接到XML文档
使用以下xml样式表标记更新student.xml文档。将href值设置为students.xsl
<?xml version = "1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type = "text/xsl" href = "students.xsl"?>
<class>
...
</class>
步骤3：在Internet Explorer中查看XML文档
students.xml
<?xml version = "1.0"?>
<?xml-stylesheet type = "text/xsl" href = "students.xsl"?>
<class>
<student rollno = "393">
<firstname>Dinkar</firstname>
<lastname>Kad</lastname>
<nickname>Dinkar</nickname>
<marks>85</marks>
</student>
<student rollno = "493">
<firstname>Vaneet</firstname>
<lastname>Gupta</lastname>
<nickname>Vinni</nickname>
<marks>95</marks>
</student>
<student rollno = "593">
<firstname>Jasvir</firstname>
<lastname>Singh</lastname>
<nickname>Jazz</nickname>
<marks>90</marks>
</student>
</class>
输出
